Dental Hygiene

BIO 110 Anatomy and Physiology
4-3-3 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This one semester course presents a detailed study of structure and function of the eleven (11) human body systems. Emphasis is placed on normal body systems. Laboratory exercises require hands-on experiences with three dimensional models, photomicrography, and virtual anatomy software. Prerequisites: HIGHLY RECOMMENDED: HCR 118 or BIO 101.

ENG 110 College Writing I
3-3-0 (Composition)/3-0-0 (Web) This college writing course will help students become more competent and confident writers. It will enable students to practice and become more skillful in the different stages of the writing process: generating ideas, planning and organizing, rough-draft writing, revising, refining, and proofreading. Students will write a variety of papers, no less than six, such as papers narrating and describing experiences, summarizing information, explaining an idea or concept, and supporting an opinion. Other assignments may include a journal, a letter seeking employment, a letter to the editor, and answering essay exams. Research skills, such as using the library and following appropriate documentation style in citing sources, will be taught. Students will improve their grammar, style, and thinking skills and learn how to produce writing necessary for success in further academic and employment pursuits. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or ENG 098 or ENG 099 and ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

BIO 101 Cellular Biology
4-3-3 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is the beginning course for biology majors and for all other students who plan to take additional biology courses. It satisfies the prerequisite for all other courses in the biology curriculum except BIO 210. Its purpose is to allow students to build a thorough understanding of basic biology by investigating the principles of cell structure, metabolism, genetics, reproduction, development and evolution. Laboratory activities are designed to help students develop investigative ability and basic lab skills needed for continued study of biology, or for employment. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Reading score of 18 or COMPASS score of 80 or TRS 102 and minimum ACT MATH Test score of 18 or COMPASS PreAlgebra Test score of 44 or MATH 094.

HCR 118 Cell Biology/Health Careers
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/2-0-0 (Web) This course introduces students to the fundamental biological concepts of cellular organization, and the metabolic principles of bioenergetics, transport mechanisms, and reproduction. This course will fulfill the prerequisite requirements for BIO 130 and is recommended for students taking BIO 110.

BIO 130 Microbiology
4-3-3 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is a basic microbiology course that introduces students to the principles of microbiology with an emphasis on health career applications. Lecture and discussion sessions present the principles of microbiological morphology, physiology, reproduction and pathology. Laboratory exercises develop standard microbiology lab skills in the identification, culture, control and assay of microorganisms. Prerequisites: HCR 118 or BIO 101.

HCR 120 Applied Microbiology
2-1.5-1.5 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course presents the principles of microbiology for students in health career programs. Lecture, discussion and laboratory presentations will be utilized to survey the growth, reproduction, pathogenic effects and control of microorganisms. Major pathogenic bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, viruses and common parasitic infections will be examined. Prerequisites: Advanced placement biology, BIO 101 or HCR 118 strongly recommended.

COM 113 Interpersonal Communication
3-3-0 (Composition)/3-0-0 (Web) Students will become aware of their present ways of communicating as well as alternative ways to improve their dyadic (one-on-one) communication skills. This course focuses on topics such as self-concept, perception, emotions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and listening. Activities may include large and small group discussion, role playing, group presentations. Research writing is required. Prerequisites: ENG 110.

DHY 101 Oral Morphology & Occlusion
2-1-2 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course presents a study of the anatomy of the oral cavity including the development, function and structure of the teeth. Laboratory work includes various activities to support the course objectives. Prerequisites: Admission to the program or instructor permission. Corequisites: DHY 104, DHY 110.

DHY 102 Dental Radiography
3-2-3 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course includes a series of lectures, demonstrations, and laboratory practice sessions on the application of x-rays for dental diagnostic purposes. Content includes the electrophysics, radiation safety, positioning, regulation, developing and interpretation of dental radiographs for the preparation of radiographic charts. Prerequisites: Permission of the instructor.

DHY 104 Oral Histology and Embryology
2-1-2 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course involves a study of the histology and development of the oral tissues. Laboratory includes the microscopic examination of the various tissues. Prerequisites: Admission to the Program. Corequisites: DHY 101, DHY 110.

DHY 110 Dental Hygiene Clinical Tech
4-1.5-7.5 (Lecture/Open Lab) The dental hygiene student is introduced to the procedures of the prophylaxis appointment and the use of instruments in performing related diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic services. Background theory is used to support those procedures to be performed during clinical experience. Prerequisites: Admission to the program. Corequisites: DHY 101, DHY 104.

DHY 112 Dental Hygiene Clinic Tech II
1-0-2 (Standard Lab) This course offers the student the opportunity to build upon previously learned skills as well as demonstrate competency in providing basic routine dental hygiene care for clients. Prerequisites: DHY 110.

DHY 121 Patient Management
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The student learns and implements the basic philosophy and procedures involved in promoting oral health. Various patient situations and preventive techniques are emphasized. Prerequisites: DHY 101, DHY 104 and DHY 110. Corequisites: DHY 159 and DHY 215.

DHY 159 Clinical Dental Hygiene I
3-1-6 (Lecture/Clinic) This is a seminar/clinical course implementing the basic principles of instrumentation, instrument sharpening, tray setup techniques, and fluoride application. The student will be introduced to more advanced clinical skills including root desensitization and detoxification. The clinical experience will emphasize the treatment of clients with gingivitis to early periodontitis. The student shall develop competency in oral examination procedures and health/dental history recording. This course includes specific learning objectives relating to proper record keeping, interpersonal relations, and patient education. Prerequisites: DHY 110 and DHY 112. Corequisites: DHY 121 and DHY 215. Comments: Students will be assigned 8 hours of clinic per week.

DHY 169 Clinical Dental Hygiene II
3-1-6 (Lecture/Clinic) This course offers the student the opportunity to build upon previously learned skills as well as develop competency in placing sealants, localized antimicrobials, and managing client behavior. The introduction to power scalers for debriding and detoxification, air polishing, and time management enables the student to become proficient in providing therapy for more difficult client case types. The student will acquire behavior modification skills necessary for identifying individual client needs, and for implementing the dental hygiene care plan. This course has specific learning objectives relating to the management of dental client behavior. Prerequisites: DHY 159 and DHY 215. Comments: Students will be assigned 12 hours of clinic per week.

DHY 170 Preventive/Interceptive Ortho
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This lecture/discussion course introduces the dental hygiene student to the concepts of preventive and interceptive techniques in the treatment of dental malocclusions. General and specific learning objectives relate to the detection, documentation, and treatment of malocclusions. Emphasis is also placed on communication skills and behavior modification. Prerequisites: DHY 101, 104, 110, associate degree in dental hygiene, or bachelor's degree in other fields.

DHY 201 Dental Materials & Specialties
4-2-6 (Lecture/Standard Lab) The student learns the theory and manipulative skill associated with the materials used in general and specialty dental practices. The student is also introduced to the expanded functions auxiliaries may provide in each practice situation. Prerequisites: DHY 110 and DHY 169. Corequisites: DHY 249.

DHY 204 Oral Pathology
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The student learns the identification, classification, etiology, and consequences of abnormal conditions of the oral cavity and supporting structures. Prerequisites: DHY 104.

DHY 205 Pain Management
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course provides the basic and current concepts of local anesthetics, nitrous oxide and oxygen sedation, and other pain management. Included is the rational for pain control, psychological considerations, selection of pain management modalities, armamentarium, essential anatomy, neurophysiology, pharmacology, systemic complications, safety and administration, infection control, post-operative instruction, record keeping, risk management, and complications of anesthetic agents. Prerequisites: DHY 101, DHY 211, high school chemistry with a C or higher or successful completion of CHM 099 or CHM 100. Corequisites: DHY 249.

DHY 206 Pharmacology
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The study of drugs and anesthetic agents with special emphasis given to those used in the dental office. The student learns the origin of these drugs, their basic physical and chemical properties, methods of administration, and effects upon the body systems. Prerequisites: Admission to the Dental Hygiene program. CHM 100.

DHY 211 Anatomy of the Head and Neck
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a study of the anatomy of the human head and neck for students of Dental Hygiene. The course utilizes modular, multi-media presentations supplemented by examination of human skulls and identification of anatomical landmarks on classmates. Regular class sessions involve lecture, discussion, lab assignments, and testing. Prerequisites: BIO 110, DHY 101 or permission of the instructor.

DHY 215 Periodontology
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The student learns the etiology of periodontal disease, anatomy and histology of the diseased periodontium and advanced periodontal treatment. The student will apply this knowledge in treatment planning, patient education, advanced clinical instrumentation, maintenance, and referral for the periodontal patient. Prerequisites: DHY 110. Corequisites: DHY 121 and DHY 159.

DHY 221 Ethics, History, Jurisprudence
1-1-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The student learns the history of dental hygiene, the importance of ethical standards in the practice of dental hygiene, and the methods of analyzing the legal and political factors controlling dental hygiene practice. The student will acquire skills necessary for assuming professional leadership.

DHY 249 Clinical Dental Hygiene III
5-1-12 (Lecture/Clinic) The student in this course continues practicing routine client therapy skills in the following accessory dental hygiene procedures: amalgam polishing, overhang removal, root desensitization, chemical irrigation, and localized antimicrobial placement. The introduction to a variety of hand instruments that can be used as supplemental instruments, soft tissue curettage, and time management enables the student to become proficient in providing therapy for periodontally involved clients. This course has specific learning objectives relating to dental hygiene care plans, case presentation skills, and advanced clinical procedures including clients with compromised medical, physical, or mental conditions. Prerequisites: DHY 169 and DHY 215. Corequisites: DHY 204. Comments: Students will be assigned 12 hours of clinic per week.

DHY 259 Clinical Dental Hygiene IV
5-1-12 (Lecture/Clinic) This course requires the student to demonstrate exit-level mastery in the delivery of the dental hygiene care plan. The specific learning objectives of this course relate to expanding on care planning, case presentation skills, and advanced clinical procedures enabling the student to perform total client care. Prerequisites: DHY 249. Comments: Students will be assigned 12 hours of clinic per week.

DHY 260 Community Dental Hygiene
3-2-3 (Lecture/Open Lab) The student provides dental hygiene care for the community by practicing disease control procedures at hospitals, penal institutions, nursing homes, centers for the mentally ill and for the mentally and physically handicapped. Discussion sessions deal with solving community dental health needs, the use of biostatistics, and evaluation of health levels. Prerequisites: DHY 249.

NUT 130 Nutrition/Disease Prevention
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a study of the basic nutrients essential to health. Nutritional evaluation, diet therapy, and disease signs that may accompany inadequate nutritional patterns are emphasized. Prerequisites: CHM 100 or permission of instructor.

RCP 125 Basic Cardiac Life Support
1-1-0 (Lecture/Discussion) A study of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Included within this course is the care of adult, pediatric, and infant patients experiencing respiratory arrest, airway obstruction, and cardiac arrest. Comments: Students may register for this course without being accepted into the RCP program.

PSI 100 Introduction/Political Science
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This class will examine principles of political science. Topics to be discussed are ideological differences (e.g. Liberalism, Communism, Fascism), comparative governments (e.g. American Constitutionalism and Parliamentarian), American Federalism, international relations, and the roles of legislatures, executives, and judiciaries.

PSI 101 American Government
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course serves as an introduction to American Government by examining the characteristics of the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The course also looks at the role played by political parties, interest groups, the media, and foreign policy.

PSI 102 State and Local Government
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This is a study of state and local politics with emphasis on the role of the governmental institutions that provide and administer public schools, social services, infrastructure needs, and the courts. The course also offers an in-depth look at the Michigan state government and its relationship to the United States federal government.

ECO 110 Eco/Contemporary Social Issues
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) Economics is the study of how people -- individuals and institutions -- make choices in a world of scarcity. As many contemporary social issues are rooted in the problem of scarcity, the science of economics is quite useful in understanding these issues and in prescribing solutions. Is it possible to have cheap consumer goods and a clean environment? What will it take to make the Social Security program secure in the 21st Century? When is the level of health care services unhealthy for society? Who wins and loses when domestic markets are protected from foreign competition? In addressing questions like these, this course will examine some of the most challenging social issues of our time through the eyes of the economist. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or ENG 098 or ENG 099 and minimum ACT Math Test score of 20 or COMPASS Algebra Test score of 34 or MATH 096.

ECO 201 Macroeconomics
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This principles course surveys basic macroeconomic theories and applications. Macroeconomics is the study of total or "aggregate" economic activity. For instance, the course investigates the problems of inflation and unemployment. Major topics also include: GDP measurement, national income determination, money and banking, fiscal and monetary policy, and international finance. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 25 or COMPASS score of 95 or successful completion of ENG 110 and minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099 and minimum ACT Math Test score of 20 or COMPASS Algebra Test score of 34 or MATH 096.

ECO 202 Microeconomics
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course surveys basic microeconomic theories and applications. Microeconomics is the study of how consumers, wokers, firms, and givernment behave with respect to the choices each must make. The course centers on price and output determination in a market system. Related topics include: consumer choice, cost behavior, competition versus monomoply, and resource markets. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 25 or COMPASS score of 95 or successful completion of ENG 110 and minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099 and minimum ACT Math Test score of 20 or COMPASS Algebra Test score of 34 or MATH 096.

ECO 240 International Economics
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is the study of the flow of commodities, services, and capital across national boundaries. Analyses and implications of international trade and finance are integrated with aspects of theory, policy and enterprise. Special reference is made to the international economic policies of the United States. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160 and Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 25 or COMPASS score of 95 or successful completion of ENG 110 and a minimum ACT Math Test score of 22 or COMPASS Algebra Skills Test score of 65 or MATH 116.

HRY 100 Early Western Civilization
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is an examination of the political, social, economic, and cultural development of Europe from the Ancient World to the seventeenth century.

HRY 101 Modern Western Civilization
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course provides a consideration of the movements and events from which modern Western institutions and culture have evolved from the seventeenth century to modern times.

HRY 102 American History to 1877
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course surveys the history of America, including the colonial era, the federal union, Jacksonian democracy, sectional controversy, the Civil War and Reconstruction.

HRY 103 American History since 1865
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course surveys post-Civil War history including industrial and agricultural revolutions and their challenge to society, culture, and government in the United States. An analysis of America's participation in World War I and II and the major social, economic, political, and cultural movements of the twentieth century are included.

HRY 150 World Civilization
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The diversity of human experience will be explored through examination of contrasting paths of social, political, economic, and cultural development within the family of man throughout the world. Emphasis will be placed on the many individual non-Western traditions as well as the emerging world culture of the twenty-first century. Prerequisites: Minimum ASSET Writing Skills score of 41 or COMPASS score of 70 or successful completion of ENG 098 or ENG 099 and minimum ASSET Reading score of 36 or COMPASS score of 61 or TRS 096 and TRS 105.

HRY 207 History of Russia
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) A survey of modern Russian history with some emphasis on tsarist foundations, this course traces Europe's influence on Russia, the beginnings of the Revolution of 1917, the evolution of the former USSR, and its impact on the world.

HRY 210 History of the Far East
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) A survey of civilization in the Far East, this course focuses on China and Japan. Emphasis is given to the transformation of the Far East in modern times under the influence of the West. Topics such as imperialism, nationalism, and the social, political, and economic development within the major countries are explored. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160 or a minimum ACT Writing score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or successful completion of ENG 098 or ENG 099 and minimum Reading ACT score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

HRY 212 History/American Civil War
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed to give the student a basic knowledge of the facts regarding the causes of the American Civil War, military confrontation, political theater, and the period called reconstruction. Emphasis will be placed on the historiography of the causes of war.

HRY 220 History of Michigan
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This is a study of the development of Michigan from a primitive wilderness to a complex, industrialized society, with emphasis on the relation of the State to the history of the United States.

HRY 230 Women in History
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course takes a historical approach to the roles, status, and contributions of women. Attention is given to the influence of women in civilization: their contributions to the arts, sciences, and literature, and their political activities.

HRY 240 African American Experience
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This survey course is designed to familiarize students with the historical and contemporary discussions of the African- American experience. Students, through readings, lectures and discussions, will engage historical, literary and scholarly considerations.

HRY 251 World History to 1500
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course is an interdisciplinary global study of various civilizations in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe from before the Common Era (BCE) to 1500 CE. The course will examine ways in which societies contacted on another, ways of influencing one another, how new societies emerged, the diffusion and consequences of human migrations, trade, wars, technologies, epidemics, religions, languages, environment, cultural norms, and lifestyles. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160.

HRY 252 World History since 1500
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course is an interdisciplinary global study of various civilizations in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe since 1500 CE. The course will examine ways in which societies contacted one another, ways of influencing one another, how new societies emerged, the diffusion and consequences of human migrations, trade, wars, technologies, epidemics, religions, languages, environment, cultural norms, and lifestyles. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160.

PSI 100 Introduction/Political Science
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This class will examine principles of political science. Topics to be discussed are ideological differences (e.g. Liberalism, Communism, Fascism), comparative governments (e.g. American Constitutionalism and Parliamentarian), American Federalism, international relations, and the roles of legislatures, executives, and judiciaries.

PSI 101 American Government
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course serves as an introduction to American Government by examining the characteristics of the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The course also looks at the role played by political parties, interest groups, the media, and foreign policy.

PSI 102 State and Local Government
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This is a study of state and local politics with emphasis on the role of the governmental institutions that provide and administer public schools, social services, infrastructure needs, and the courts. The course also offers an in-depth look at the Michigan state government and its relationship to the United States federal government.

PSI 201 International Relations
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a study of the factors and forces that impact relations among countries including their political, economic, military, social and cultural characteristics. There is a strong emphasis on issued-based analysis of major global challenges and problems, such as human rights, inequality, justice, development, conflict, cooperation, security, environment and global interdependence. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160 and Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or ENG 098 or ENG 099 and ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

PSI 202 Comparative Government
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This is a study of the major political forces, processes, institutions, and performances of several countries around the world. The countries of Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, China, and Nigeria will be studied in terms of history, socio-political culture, governmental institutions and political processes and performance. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160 and Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or ENG 098 or ENG 099 and ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

PSI 250 World Security
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This is a study of major issues or aspects of world security. It attempts to reconceptualize the way we think about the nature and pursuit of security. There is an effort to stimulate a fundamental rethinking of the nature and the goals of human security, involving a recognition of the need to link national security to the well being of the world at large. The concept of security is examined in terms of military, diplomatic, economic, socio-cultural, and environmental perspectives. Prerequisites: ENG 110 or ENG 160 and Minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or ENG 098 or ENG 099 and ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

PSY 150 Introductory Psychology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This is a general introduction to the science of behavior. Topics include research methods and data analysis, child development, learning, applied behavior analysis, memory, intelligence, states of consciousness, the physiological bases of behavior, behavioral health, personality, abnormal behavior, and treatment techniques. Prerequisites: A minimum ACT Writing Skills score of 18 or COMPASS score of 70 or ENG 098 or ENG 099 and minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

PSY 160 Human Growth and Development
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a life span survey of human growth and development. Developmental norms are emphasized to describe, explain, and predict major patterns of development. The theoretical perspectives presented in PSY 150 are expanded and given specific application in the human life span. Prerequisites: Completion of PSY 150 with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

PSY 170 Human Sexuality
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is an introduction to the biological, psychological and social aspects of human sexuality. Topics to be covered include sexual development, male and female anatomy and physiology, the sexual responses cycle, sexual health and diseases, pregnancy, contraception, abortion issues, sexual gender orientation issues, intimate relationships, sexual dysfunction, and sexual abuse. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 ENG 099.

PSY 180 Early Childhood Development
4-4-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed for parents, teachers, and other professionals who work with young children or their families in a variety of roles and settings. Class participants will learn theories of child development in cognition, social/emotional, and language development, the normal patterns of physical growth, and the needs and abilities of newborns, infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and lower elementary-aged children. There will be an observation component of the course to allow students to see examples of what is learned through their readings and in class. Implications for practice will be discussed.

PSY 190 Child Psychology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course serves as an introduction to the physical, intellectual, social and psychological development of infants, children and adolescents. Emphasis will be placed on the development of critical thinking regarding the many complex issues that affect humans between conception and the end of adolescence. Prerequisites: Completion of PSY 150 with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

PSY 250 Abnormal Psychology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This is an introductory examination of the field of abnormal psychology with special emphasis placed on behavior change strategies, community mental health concepts, and cross-cultural comparisons. Prerequisites: PSY 150 with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

PSY 260 Educational Psychology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is an investigation of how psychological principles can be used to help solve educational problems. It is designed for prospective teachers and psychologists, but would also be appropriate for parents of school-age children. The course includes such topics as educational objective writing, teaching methods, testing and measurement, learning theory, motivation, and special education. Prerequisites: PSY 150 with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

SOC 102 Principles of Sociology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course consists of an investigation of the fundamental areas of sociology emphasizing the sociological perspective in the study of the individual in society including the global community, inequalities in contemporary society, social institutions, and an analysis of the rapidly changing world. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

SOC 103 Contemporary Social Problems
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) The study of social problems is designed to help an individual develop a high level of social consciousness. Several theoretical perspectives are examined to determine their usefulness in understanding social problems. A number of topics are identified to see why they are problems and what solutions might be possible. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

SOC 105 Introduction to Gerontology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed to introduce the student to the field of gerontology. Students will gain an understanding of the processes involved in human aging, emphasizing physiological, economic, social, cognitive, interpersonal and cultural aspects that influence the well-being and social functioning of older adults.

SOC 106 Death, Dying & Bereavement
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed to introduce the student to a variety of beliefs and practices related to death, dying and bereavement for a cross-cultural perspective. Emphasis will be placed on contrasting social interpretations of death, dying and bereavement which have occurred throughout various periods in history up through modern day. Prerequisites: Recommended: SOC 105.

SOC 170 Introduction to Archaeology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/3-0-0 (Web) This course is an introduction to the modern practice of archaeology around the world. It investigates the methods and theories used in the field and how archaeologists reconstruct the human past from physical remains. The course examines the types of evidence studied by archaeologists and the kinds of information gained from using modern scientific techniques. The course is useful for a variety of fields in arts, humanities and social sciences, and it could fulfill a general education requirement. Prerequisite: ENG 110 or ENG 160.

SOC 200 The Family
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a study of the general cultural background of the contemporary family. This includes an assessment of the structure, roles, and functions of the family, an investigation of the family successes and difficulties, and an analysis of the family's relationship to other social institutions.

SOC 201 Intro to Cultural Anthropology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a survey of cultural anthropology. Cultural anthropology is the examination of the various ways people have coped with life's challenges. It includes archaeology, linguistics, and ethnology. Prerequisites: Minimum ACT Reading score of 14 or COMPASS score of 65 or TRS 096 and TRS 105 or ENG 099.

SOC 202 Urban Sociology
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course focuses on thinking and writing critically about historical perspectives on urban growth in American cities, characteristics of urban areas, current issues facing urban and suburban residents, urban policies, and current strategies for urban revitalization.

SOC 205 Racial and Ethnic Relations
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course focuses on racial, ethnic, and multicultural relations primarily in the United States, but attention will be paid to such relations in other countries. Basic concepts such as prejudice, stereotyping, discrimination, power, adaptation, and change will be developed into a theoretical framework that will be applied to an analysis and discussion of selected racial and ethnic groups.

SOC 207 Southern Africa/Region Studies
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course provides students with an enhanced understanding of the history, democratization, economic development, aftermath of war and liberation struggles, racial and ethnic strife, apartheid, gender and politics, and the AIDS crisis in Southern Africa.

SOC 273 Service Learning
3-0-0 (Field Experience) This course will expose students to the pedagogy of service-learning while actively engaging in community service. Through reflective journal writing, class discussions and critical incident reports, the students will explore their own reactions to service work and their future vocational goals. Through films, books, papers and discussion, they will identify deeper social issues which are raised by the work and engage the various cultures which make up our community. By participation in the process of service-learning, they will help create a caring community and learn how to replicate that process in other settings. This course is a requirement in the honors curriculum, but is open to other students.

WPE 101 Principles of Fitness & Health
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) Students will learn the components of health related fitness. Topics include cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, strength, flexibility, nutrition, substance abuse, holistic health, and STD's. Discussion as well as activity is a part of most topics. Each student plans and implements a personal exercise program.

WPE 109 Water Safety Instructor
2-1.5-1.5 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is a course designed for the swimmer who wants to teach infants, children, or adults. The course is taught in three phases: (1) Fundamentals of Instructor Training (FIT) which is required to teach any American Red Cross course; (2) review of swimming and water safety skills; (3) methods of teaching swimming and water safety skills, organizing classes, and evaluating skills. Course standards qualify successful students for certification as American Red Cross Water Safety Instructors. Prerequisites: WPE 260 or equivalent.

WPE 110 Lifeguard Training
2-1.5-1.5 (Lecture/Standard Lab) The primary purpose of this course is to provide entry-level lifeguard candidates with the skills and knowledge to prevent, recognize, and respond to emergencies and to provide care for injuries and sudden illnesses until advanced medical personnel arrive and take over. Successful completion qualifies students for American Red Cross Lifeguard Training Certification, Automated External Defibrillation (AED) Certification, First Aid, CPR for the Professional Rescuer, and an optional Waterfront Lifeguard Certification. Prerequisite: WPE 260 or equivalent.

WPE 112 Safety and First Aid
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is a study of the practical aspects of first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Successful completion of the course qualifies a student for certification from the American Red Cross in: (1) Responding to Emergencies; and (2) Community CPR (upon request CPR for the Professional Rescuer).

WPE 115 Beginning Coaching Techniques
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course deals with the psychology of coaching sports. Typical problems encountered by coaches as well as current trends and issues in coaching will be discussed. Topics include coaches' and athletes' personalities, coaching philosophy, motivational techniques, discipline, communication, budgeting, and administration of athletics. Successful completion of the course qualifies a student for a beginning and intermediate certification through the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) Coaches Advancement Program (CAP).

WPE 116 Advance Coaching Techniques
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed for coaches who wish to have a better understanding of conditioning athletes of various sports. Topics include: aerobic/anaerobic conditioning, strength training, plyometrics and jump training, developing quickness and speed, working with parents, managing your time and energy, and teaching tactical and technical skills. Successful completion of this course qualifies a student for an advance coaching certification through the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) Coaches Advancement Program (CAP). Prerequisites: WPE 115, Beginning Coaching Techniques.

WPE 117 Sports Officiating-Basketball
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is designed for individuals who wish to begin officiating basketball. Class organization will consist of lecture/discussion of the rules and practical lab experiences. The course will be taught in accordance to the officiating techniques prescribed by the National Federation and the Michigan High School Athletic Association (M.H.S.A.A.). Each class member will qualify for certification as an official with the M.H.S.A.A.

WPE 118 Sports Officiating-Volleyball
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is designed for individuals who wish to begin officiating volleyball. Class organization will consist of lecture/discussion of the rules and practical lab experiences. The course will be taught in accordance to the officiating techniques prescribed by the National Federation and the Michigan High School Athletic Association (M.H.S.A.A.). Each class member will qualify for certification as an official with the M.H.S.A.A.

WPE 120 Nutrition for Wellness
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course provides a study of the basic nutrients and their relationship to good health, weight control and exercise.

WPE 122 Coaching Techniques-Basketball
2-2-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course will prepare individuals who wish to coach junior high school, senior high school, and/or club basketball. The teaching of techniques and tactics will be emphasized with an emphasis on skill progression. In addition, team selection, organization, and preparation as well as pre-, during, and post- game preparation will be covered.

WPE 124 Holistic Health
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is an introduction to the basic principles and practices in the field of holistic health and wellness. Special emphasis is given to the philosophy of holisms in psychology, medicine and fitness, as well as specific techniques to enhance each student's individual experience toward wellness.

WPE 125 Contemporary Health Issues
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion)/ 3-0-0 (Web) This course is designed to identify and examine contemporary health issues. It explores the environmental, personal, and social factors affecting individual and societal mental and physical health. The course includes guidelines for becoming an intelligent consumer of health care products and services.

WPE 128 Managing Stress
1-1-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course deals with both the positive and negative aspects of stress in modern life. Stress management techniques and coping strategies are emphasized.

WPE 131 Fundamentals of Personal Train
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course deals with the physiological and behavior aspects of personal training. At the end of the course, the student will be prepared to take a certified personal training exam of their choice. The goal of the course is to master the basic facts, concepts, principles and skills of developing and implementing individual physical fitness programs. Major topics include: cardiovascular disease risk factors, medical screening, exercise and safety, blood pressure assessment, basic anatomy and kinesiology, strength training, flexibility, cardiovascular prescription, nutrition, weight management, and facility operations. Prerequisites: WPE 101, WPE 125 or equivalent.

WPE 140 Elementary Move & Activities
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed for students who will be working with children, i.e., elementary classroom teachers, preschool educators, special education teachers, child care providers, and youth coaches. Students will learn how to teach physical activities, fundamental skills, movement concepts, fitness activities, and games. Application of the content will be through directed labs, observations, and practice teaching sessions.

WPE 145 Physical Educ Method:Early Ele
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This course is designed to prepare physical education majors and minors for their professional internship. The content in this course is centered on teaching physical education. Theoretical and applied learning experiences will be provided which will enable the student to select, plan, and present developmentally appropriate activities for children in preschool through second grade.

WPE 150 Foundat's/Health, Phys Ed, Rec
3-3-0 (Lecture/Discussion) This is an introductory course for students majoring or minoring in physical education. The course deals with the entire field of health, physical education, and sports science. History of the field will be covered as well as current issues and future direction.

WPE 151 Walk/Run for Fitness
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) A course designed to examine the components of fitness as they relate to walking and running. Specific areas which will be included in the course are developing a personal fitness program, conditioning and training progression, nutrition and examining common injuries.

WPE 152 Swimming for Fitness
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This class is designed to physically develop the heart and lungs through swimming. Emphasis will be placed on different methods of achieving fitness. Students experience the overload principle, aerobic training, interval training, distance training, and repetition training. Measurements are taken periodically to determine the "aerobic" level. Prerequisites: Ability to confidently swim at least 100 yards.

WPE 153 Weight Training for Fitness
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is a course using scientific principles to develop muscular and cardio-respiratory fitness. A circuit training approach is used, alternating the use of a variety of resistance machines with aerobic conditioning using a wide variety of contemporary exercise equipment.

WPE 155 Aerobic Exercise
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course provides instruction and practice in aerobic activity accompanied by music leading to the enhancement of health, fitness, and aerobic capacity.

WPE 156 Water Aerobics
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This class is conducted in shallow and/or deep water so that nonswimmers may participate. Students will be taught aerobic movements, water exercises with resistance equipment, and stretching before and after the exercise session. Students will know the health related fitness components of flexibility, body composition, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and muscular endurance. An opportunity to be tested on these components is provided.

WPE 159 Beginning Golf
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is designed to help students develop skills and etiquette necessary to be successful in golf. All segments of the golf swing, as well as putting, will be introduced.

WPE 160 Beginning Swimming
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is a beginning level course in instructional swimming. Skills to be taught are basic water conditioning, basic crawl stroke, basic backstroke, elementary backstroke, treading water and a forward dive. This course is designed for non-swimmers and weak swimmers (people unable to swim a minimum of 50 yards).

WPE 161 Beginning Tennis
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) Tennis is a highly skilled sport which contributes to cardiovascular fitness. This course is designed for the beginner or novice. Basic skills such as the ground strokes, the serve, and the volley are taught as well as scoring, rules, and basic strategy.

WPE 162 T'ai Chi
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is a study of the ancient Chinese art of T'ai Chi Chuan - slow, graceful, no-impact, powerful movements that will help each student achieve mental, physical and emotional balance.

WPE 163 Yoga
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is a study of Hatha Yoga, which is a system that uses: asanas--poses; pranayama--breathing; and shavasana-- relaxation of mind/body to help each student achieve physical, mental and emotional balance.

WPE 168 Volleyball
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) The volleyball skills of setting, passing, serving, hitting, and blocking techniques will be stressed. Strategies of offense and defense will be taught and practiced.

WPE 170 Introduction/Massage Therapy
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) An introduction to massage therapy, this course brings the focus of stress reduction and relaxation techniques to the student. The techniques taught can be helpful throughout one's adult life. Students, working with partners, will be given options in regard to apparel worn. Individual modesty levels are always respected. Techniques utilized will be discreet and carefully supervised by certified massage therapists. Comments: This course is offered through KVCC, but conducted by the Kalamazoo Center for the Healing Arts at 6350 West KL Avenue.

WPE 171 Beginning Pilates
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is based on the work of Joseph Pilates in the field of exercise. The basic exercises introduced will help unite body and mind providing balance and an increase in flexibility, body awareness and posture alignment. The course will incorporate correct breathing techniques and proper strengthening of the smaller important core stabilizer muscles.

WPE 173 Free Weight Training
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is an introduction to weight training using primarily free weights to achieve the expected results of student effort. Progressive resistance plans will be developed and followed. The plans will be designed for each individual student with emphasis on strength, power, or muscle definition. Safety procedures will be demonstrated and followed at all times.

WPE 176 Scuba Diving
2-1.5-1.5 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is the entry-level course in diver education. Course covers information on physics, physiology, medicine, and environment. Practical aspects of the course cover equipment, gear usage and familiarization drills. Open-water training is conducted. Students who complete all requirements receive SCUBA certification. Prerequisites: Students must have healthy lungs, not be suffering from asthma, or any other airway-restricting condition. Students must also be comfortable swimmers. Pool evaluation will be given first session.

WPE 177 Karate
2-1.5-1.5 (Lecture/Standard Lab) An introduction to the art of Okinawan Karate-do, this course provides the basics and fundamentals of self defense and the philosophy of Karate. Special emphasis is placed on development of speed, timing, balance, endurance, and concentration. Comments: Students are required to purchase the appropriate clothing (karate gi), at a retailer of your choice for approximately $40.

WPE 178 Indoor Cycling/Fitness
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is a course using scientific principles to develop muscular endurance and cardio-respiratory fitness. A variety of stationary bicycling approaches are utilized in this class. This class takes place in the fitness center. This class utilizes a standard class lab format in which the student will meet with the class and the instructor on a regular basis for the scheduled class time.

WPE 179 Cardio Training - Basic
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard/Open Lab) This is a course using scientific principles to develop muscular endurance and cardio-respiratory fitness. A variety of approaches are utilized in this class including: exercise bicycles, tread mills, elliptical machines, cardio steppers, rowing machines, and other forms of cardio equipment. This class takes place in the fitness center. This class utilizes a standard class lab format in which the student will meet with the class and the instructor on a regular basis for the scheduled class time.

WPE 180 TaeKwonDo Traditional/Olympic
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is an introduction to the ancient Korean martial art. It is designed to help students understand and acquire the basic skills and fundamental techniques of TaeKwonDo. Comments: This is a KVCC course conducted at Lightning Kicks Martial Arts and Fitness Center LLC located at 826 Mills Street (south on Portage Road from downtown, left on Jackson, on the corner of Mills and Jackson). A dobuk (TKD uniform) is available from the instructor at a cost of $45. A dobuk is required prior to the start of class.

WPE 253 Independent Physical Training
1-.5-1 (Lecture/Open Lab) This course is based on scientific principles to develop and maintain muscular and cardio-respiratory fitness. Circuit training is the principle training regimen. Circuit training is a method of resistance training, which emphasizes muscular and cardio-respiratory endurance. Students meet with an instructor for the first one fourth of the class and the last eighth of the class. The remaining time is at the discretion of each individual student and must be "logged in" at the Wellness Center. Grades will be based on fitness and written assessments and hours logged into the Wellness Center. Prerequisites: WPE 153 or permission from instructor.

WPE 260 Intermediate Swimming
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This is an intermediate level instructional class designed for people who already know how to swim and are comfortable in deep water or who want to acquire skills for the lifeguard training course. This course will cover basic water safety skills and improve the following swimming skills: front crawl (freestyle) stroke, backstroke, breaststroke, elementary backstroke, and sidestroke.

WPE 263 Intermediate Yoga
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) This course is a study of intermediate-level Hatha Yoga. The basic poses introduced in WPE 163 are presented in a more challenging way and with more variations. Inverted poses are introduced and breathing techniques are integrated into the practice of the poses. Prerequisites: WPE 163.

WPE 270 Massage Therapy 2
1-.75-.75 (Lecture/Standard Lab) Adding to the information and experience of "Introduction to Massage Therapy," the focus of this class is to build on techniques previously learned. Students will work with partners and learn additional tools for reducing stress and increasing relaxation and health. Time will be allowed for practice and integration of new material. Prerequisites: WPE 170. Comments: This course is offered through KVCC, but conducted by the Kalamazoo Center for the Healing Arts at 6350 West KL Avenue.

WPE 272 Coaching Field Experience
2-0-0 (Field Experience) This course enables students to function in the role of a coach in an athletic setting. The agency may vary to meet student learning needs and to broaden the student's background through the introduction of the various roles a coach may assume. Prerequisites: Successful completion of a WPE sports technique class Coaching Techniques or demonstrated ability to teach and perform requisite sport specific skills.